What is Transistor? & types of Transistors!

 

Dear readers, do you want to know - What is transistor and types of transistors? If yes, you are reading the perfect post. Friends, if you are a science student in 12th, then "what is a transistor " this post will be useful for you because it is a very important question for the board, which is asked about every 2 years. So let's discuss this topic without any delay.

Friends, if you are connected with technology related field then you must have heard the name of the transistor & probably very few people know about how it works. Before knowing the concept transistors, we need to know about conductors, dielectric and semiconductors, which give us basic information about transistors.

What is conductor?

Conductors are the materials in which a lot of free electrons available for conduction . In these, the flow of electric current can be done easily. Generally all the metals are conductors of current and silver is considered as the best conductor.

What is dielectric?

Dielectric are the materials in which the number of free electrons is negligible. So, electric current does not flow easily in it, ie the current flow in it is negligible. The best example of dielectric is wood, rubber, plastic etc.

What is semiconductor?

Semiconductors are the materials that has a conductivity between insulator & conductor, i.e it's no. of free electrons is greater than insulator and less than conductor. By the way, Semiconductors can be easily converted into conductors. The best example of this is silicon and germanium.

So friends, before reading the transistor you needed to know all these three things, I hope you have understood these. Now let's talk about transistors i.e what is a transistor and how many types of transistors are there.

What is transistor?

It is such a semiconductor that has two of same type of semiconductor field at both ends and a thin opposite type of semiconductor field in the middle. Thus, there are two types of transistors, P-N-P transistors and N-P-N transistors.

Friends, let me tell you for your information, the transistor was invented in 1948 by American scientists William Shockley, John Bardeen and Walter Houser Brattain. They were also awarded the Nobel Prize in 1956 for their invention..

Computers and mobile phones can work s very speed with the help of transistors . The transistor works by switching or amplifying electronic signals and electrical energy. It is one of the important components of digital circuits.

Types of transistors :-

Let me tell you for your information, there are generally two types of transistors the first one is P-N-P transistor and the second one transistor is N-P-N transistor. Now we will know in depth that how these two are made and how both of them work.

 P-N-P Transistor:-

The transistor is made by pressing thin a layers of N-type semiconductor between two thick layers of P-type semiconductor. There are three legs in a transistor &In P-N-P transistors, the base is in the middle and the left side leg is called Emitters and the right side leg is called Collectors.

Here, The Emitter is given a positive potential with respect to the base and the Collector is given a negative potential with respect to the base.Thus, the Emitter Base (P-N ) junction has low resistance in a Forward bias. And the Base Collector (N-P) junction has high resistance in a reverse bias.

P-type semiconductor provide holes while N-type semiconductors provides electron. in transistor the emitter Base junction is always in forward bias while Collector Base junction is always in reverse bias.

N-P-N Transistor :-

Here the transistor is made by pressing thin a layers of P -type semiconductor between two thick layers of N-type semiconductor. In this type of transistor, the Emitter is given the negative potential with respect to the base and the Collector is given a positive potential with respect to the base.

Here, the Emitter Base (N-P ) junction is Forward Biased and Base Collector (P-N) Junction is Reverse Biased.

Benefits of transistors:-

• Transistors can work fast

•Transistors are cheap, so it is used more in the technical field.

•Transistors provide long life and do not deteriorate quickly and work continuously.

•A transistor works well at low voltages.

•We use transistors as a switch.

•Transistors are also used in amplifiers

•The transistor does not allow the loss of more electrons.

•Each chip in a microprocessor includes transistors.

Friends, you have already known about transistors, this is a useful question for your board. Again now we talk about a similar question about Zener diode.

What is zener diod?

Zener diodes are the normal P-N junction diodes operating in a reverse biased condition. Zener diode can also conduct when it is connected in reverse bias above its threshold or breakdown voltage.

In other words , we can define it as "a specially built diode which can work continuously in the reverse region without destroying it ". So zener diode can be used as Voltage regulator.

Conclusion:-

We hope the you have understood "what is a transistor " and "what is the type of transistor" and what is a Zener diode?, if you like this information then definitely share it with your friends.Leave your comments and suggestions in the comment box below.