Essay on Disaster Management

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Introduction:

India is a disaster-prone country. Earth has many manifestations. Most of the time it runs smoothly. Sometimes it can even be hostile. When it turns hostile it is known to bring such devastation which can wreak havoc in a country or region. This type of disaster is known as disaster.

Definition of disaster:

Disasters are the result of natural or man-made hazards. Since we cannot prevent disasters from coming but we can always be prepared and can reduce impacts i.e loss of life and property by proper management.

The word 'disaster' is derived from the Middle French word 'disaster. The origin of this French word comes from the ancient Greek word "dus" meaning bad and "aster" meaning star, the root of the word disaster comes from the astrological meaning of calamity to blame on planetary positions.

Types of disaster:

There are basically two types of disasters, natural and man-made.

Natural disasters

A natural disaster is an adverse event that results from the natural processes of the earth. Tsunami, flood, earthquake, cyclone, drought, landslide are some examples of natural disaster

Man-made disasters

Man-made disasters are the result of technological hazards. Fires, transportation accidents, nuclear explosions, terrorist attacks, oil spills, and wars all fall into this category.

Meaning of Disaster Management

Disaster management is the discipline by which human beings make continuous efforts to reduce the damage caused by disasters. Disaster management can be broadly divided into three parts or rather it has three types which are before the disaster, during a disaster, and after a disaster.

Pre-disaster management

It deals with the rescue before the disaster strikes. Its main objective is to reduce the impact and prevent the loss of human life and other species.

Pre-disaster management includes the development of information technology, assessment of disaster and issuing warnings to people through radio and media, etc. in case of disaster, taking people to a safe place, mobilizing resources for necessary action.

Management during disasters

The achievement of this phase is dependent on the preparedness level of the pre-disaster management phase. It depends on prompt action and coordination of victims in times of disaster and taking them to safe-havens. Food, clothing, shelter, and health facilities are provided to the victims in this phase.

Post-disaster management

In this phase the affected areas are reconstructed, redeveloped. Rehabilitation, employment, and compensation are provided to help the affected people get back on their feet.

Institute of Disaster Management in India:

National Disaster Management Authority

The National Disaster Management Authority is an agency of the Ministry of Home Affairs whose main objective is to coordinate the response to natural and man-made disasters.

The organization was established in 2005 through the Disaster Management Act introduced by the Government of India. The agency is responsible for formulating policies, setting guidelines, and coordinating with State Disaster Management Authorities (SDMAs) to ensure a holistic and dispersed approach to disaster management.

National Remote Sensing Center

The National Remote Sensing Center (NRSC) is one of the centers of the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO). NRSC manages data from aerial and satellite sources.

Indian Council of Medical Research

The Indian Council of Medical Research is the apex body in India for the formulation, organization and support of biomedical research. It is one of the oldest and largest medical research bodies in the world. The Indian Council of Medical Research is funded by the Government of India through the Department of Health Research, Ministry of Health, and Family Welfare.

Central water commission

The central water commission has been entrusted with the responsibility of initiating, coordinating, and taking forward the initiative in consultation with the state governments. Especially when a disaster strikes. Therefore, it is entrusted with the coordination of plans for the control, conservation, and use of water resources throughout the country for the purpose of flood control, irrigation, navigation, and drinking water supply, and water power development.

Prevention Measures and Controls:

Natural disasters are invincible. We cannot prevent them from happening even if we have all the technology to predict disasters. The best thing we can do to avoid coming disasters is to avoid practices that can lead to environmental degradation.

Disasters cause large-scale destruction, loss of life, displacement of people. Keeping the affected people ready during disasters by providing them with first aid facilities comes out as a good thing. We can control the escalating situation by providing rescue and relief to the people.

Conclusion:

We should be equipped with the latest technologies to deal with the disaster. We should be well informed on the subject of disaster management. We should help and work closely with the government. This is how we can deal with the aftermath of a disaster.

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